Many homeowners have some kind of composting system in operation and are able to turn their kitchen and garden waste into useful compost with very little effort.
Composting, however, is substantially harder for people living in sectional title schemes. Firstly, most occupants are not inclined to keep a smelly decomposing heap of waste on their bathroom floor and, secondly, even fewer are happy to have the associated pests and wildlife that come with a conventional compost heap.
There is a surprisingly clean and odour-free solution to this predicament: red worms.
Vermicomposting, or worm composting, is the decomposition of organic waste with red worms in a custom-built "wormery". The process creates a fine, black, granular compost called "castings". Worm castings are an excellent source of slow-release soil nutrients for your pot plants. They also act as an excellent soil additive that prevents caking in potted plants.
Considerations for your wormery
There are a number of pre-manufactured and purpose-built wormeries available from specialist stores or online. But, if you want to make your own wormery, here are a few tips:
• Bedding — Red worms can live in wormeries made from plastic or wood. These containers are partially filled with bedding material, most commonly shredded newspaper, shredded cardboard, straw or a combination of these materials.
• Moisture — The worm bedding should be kept as moist as a well-wrung sponge. Occasionally, the bedding can become too wet and needs to be gently loosened with a hand cultivator or small garden fork.
• Acidity — Red worms prefer bedding that is slightly acidic. However, if the materials added are very acidic, add crushed and dried eggshells to reduce the acidity.
• Light — Red worms are very sensitive to light and need an opaque bin that has a lid or a dark plastic bag placed over the bedding to keep the light out.
• Ventilation — Most wormeries also have some means of ventilation, either through holes drilled in the bin itself or a system of air tubing that runs through the bin from one side to another. Additional dry bedding material can also be added to help keep air in the bedding.
• Drainage — Wormeries with holes in the bottom for drainage should be placed on one by two inch blocks on a plastic tray. The tray will collect any liquid that drains from the bin. A piece of sheer fabric should be laid over the drainage holes to prevent the worms from falling through.
Choosing the size of your bin
The following guide will help you decide what size of wormery you will need. You should keep in mind that red worms eat their own weight in food every day. In other words, if you produce two kilograms of organic waste every day then you should have two kilograms of worms in your bin. If you find that your red worms are being overfed, simply get another bin and more worms.
People/Quantity of worms/Bin size
• One to two/0.5kg/60cm x 60cm x 30cm
• Two to three/1kg/75cm x 60cm x 30 cm
• Four to six/ 1.5kg to 2kg/90cm x 60cm x 30cm
Finding your worms
While suitable worms can be found in the wild, the most sensible option is to purchase your worms from specialist stores or commercial growers.
Rob Paddock is the operations director for Paddocks. Click here to see the schedule of training courses or for free advice go to www.sto.co.za or www.paddocks.co.za
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