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Teen Expert Megan de Beyer

Megan de Beyer has a Masters degree in Psychology. She practised in both Cape Town and Durban and has run many successful parenting workshops at high schools. Read more

QUESTION

Ek het vruggebruik op ons strandhuis wat in 'n familietrust is, sou my man te stewe kom. Ek wil graag weet wat my regte is, en wie verantwoordelik sal wees vir dinge soos belasting, versekering en algemene herstelwerk aan die huis. Die huis is baie naby aan die water dus is die onderhoud daarvan hoog.
Die eiendom word tans gebruik as 'n vakansiehuis en daar is 2 woonstelle wat op 'n selfsorgbasis verhuur word. Die idee is dat wanneer my man afsterf, ek daar sal gaan woon en 'n inkomste maak uit

 
 
ANSWER

Om 'n vruggebruik (lewensreg wat iemand verkry ingevolge die bepalings van 'n testament) aan iemand na te laat, is 'n erkende manier om vir 'n naasbestaande te sorg. By die afsterwe van die vruggebruiker verval die vruggebruik. Indien die erfgename voor haar sterf, gaan hul deel van die bate oor op hul erfgename, maar dit bly aan dieselfde vruggebruikvoorwaardes onderhewig.

Vruggebruik gee aan die vruggebruiker die reg van gebruik en genot van spesifieke bates vir die termyn wat die erflater in die testament stel. Hoewel die reg van die vruggebruiker vereis dat sy soos 'n versigtige eienaar sal optree en dus nie die bates aan misbruik onderwerp nie, is sy nie aan geen persoon gebonde nie. Daar word verwag dat sy die vruggebruik behoorlik sal gebruik vir die doel waarvoor dit bestem is, maar sy het ook die reg om byvoorbeeld die huis óf self te bewoon, óf te verhuur as 'n manier om vir haar 'n inkomste te genereer.

Sy moet self die eiendomsbelasting betaal en alledaagse klein instandhoudingskoste dra. Maar sy is nie verplig om herstelwerk van groot omvang te doen wat deur normale slytasie meegebring word nie. Selfs al sou dit deur alledaagse gebruik totniet gaan, is sy nie verplig om dit te vervang nie. Verder is die vruggebruiker ook nie verplig om die eiendom teen brand, storm-, of ander skade te verseker nie, hoewel dit sterk aanbeveel word dat iemand (miskien in samewerking met die kinders) tog die versekering uitneem.

Tydens die vruggebruik se bestaan het die erfgename geen reg op die gebruik of genot van die bate nie. Hulle mag nie inmeng nie, hoewel hulle uiteraard 'n reg het om hul belange te beskerm indien die vruggebruiker die bates sou misbruik. Die erfgename kan ook die bates verseker en self die premies daarvoor betaal. Alle groot of noodsaaklike herstelwerk is vir hul eie rekening en hulle sal moet sorg dat die woonhuis te alle tye leefbaar is.

Dit is nogal belangrik vir 'n erflater om te sorg dat hy nie sy uiteindelike erfgename onnodig belas of finansieel in die moeilikheid laat beland nie, deur ook finansieel voorsiening te maak vir die onderhoudskoste van die bate wat hy aan 'n vruggebruik wil onderwerp.

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